1: J Pediatr Surg 1996 Dec;31(12):1729-32

Angiosarcoma of the liver in children

Awan S, Davenport M, Portmann B, Howard ER
Department of Paediatric Surgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London,
England

Abstract
The clinico-pathological features of four cases of pediatric hepatic
angiosarcomas are described. One case was initially diagnosed in infancy and
underwent resection of a left-sided benign hemangioendothelioma of the liver.
Further resection of a lesion in the right liver was followed by malignant
transformation. Primary hepatic resection of the tumor was not possible in three
other cases, and all received courses of chemotherapy without significant tumor
shrinkage. One child underwent liver transplantation but died 4 months later of
immunosuppression complications. The remaining three children died of
disseminated malignancy. Histological verification of malignancy was difficult
in three cases in which there was discrepancy between the rapid growth of the
liver tumor and the microscopic features of benign hemangioendothelioma